the rotational period of Venus was measured by
A watching surface features move across the planet's disk
B measuring the speed of clouds in the planet's atmosphere
C measuring the Doppler shift of radar signals bounded off the planet's surf
D orbiting spacecraft around the planet
the terrestrial planet that probably has an internal structure and composition most like that of the Earth is
A Mercury.
B Venus.
C Mars.
D moon.
radar was used to discover that Venus' rotation is
A rapid and direct
B rapid and retrograde
C slow and retrograde
D slow and direct
which of the following objects would be seen at certain times as crescent- shaped, when viewed from Earth?
A Mars
B Uranus
C Jupiter
D Venus
the overall geography of the Venus surface has been determined largely by
A radar techniques, from Earth and from orbiting spacecraft
B visible light photography
C unmanned spacecraft, which landed on the surface
D manned exploration by Russian cosmonauts
how is it possible that Venus's surface may be hotter than Mercury's?
A it is closer to the sun.
B Venus's larger area absorbs more heat.
C Venus rotates in a retrograde direction.
D Venus's lack of atmosphere allows sunlight to hit the surface without reflection.
E Venus has quite a lot of carbon dioxide in its atmosphere.
which of the following are important in producing the greenhouse effect?
A slow rotation
B carbon dioxide
C rapid rotation
D oxygen
although Venus is farther away from the sun than Mercury, it has a higher surface temperature. how is this possible?
A Mercury is smaller in size than Venus.
B Mercury has less mass than Venus.
C Venus has a dense atmosphere of carbon dioxide.
D Venus has more sunlight hitting every square meter of surface than does Mercury.
E none of the above.
the atmosphere near the surface of Venus is:
A almost completely opaque.
B nearly transparent.
C about like a dense fog on Earth.
D unknown since we have not explored the surface of Venus.
modern data indicate that Venus
A shows extensive, rapid continental drift
B is as bright at the surface as is the Earth
C has never had volcanic activity
D may have recent volcanic activity
the average surface temperature of Venus is:
A about like that on Earth.
B a bit warmer than that on Earth.
C extremely hot because of a runaway greenhouse effect.
D unknown since we have not explored the surface of Venus.
the object in the solar system that probably has a geologic history most similar to that of the Earth is
A Mercury
B Venus
C Mars
D moon
the fact that Venus has little or no magnetic field is attributed to
A its slow rotation.
B its cloud cover.
C its proximity to the sun.
D its proximity to Earth.
E the greenhouse effect.
why is the surface temperature of Venus greater than that of Mercury?
A Venus is closer to the sun.
B the greenhouse effect operates on Venus.
C Venus has an iron core.
D Venus has extensive volcanic activity.
Venus has
A two small satellites
B no satellites
C a ring discovered by the U.S. flyby mission
D one satellite
Venus' magnetic field produces which of the following
A strong lightning discharges
B strong auroral activity
C a connection between the surface of Venus and that of its satellite
D none of the above, since Venus has no significant magnetic field
on a topographical map of Venus, how many "continents" are apparent?
A 1
B 7
C 2
D none
the "greenhouse effect"
A is responsible for Venus' enormous surface temperature
B is a phenomenon that occurs in material through which visible-light photon may pass, but infrared photons cannot
C is only caused by gaseous carbon dioxide
D all of the above
Venus was once considered to be Earth's sister planet because:
A it is the closest planet to Earth.
B it is similar in size.
C it has a similar mass.
D it has an atmosphere.
E all of the above.
Venus' atmosphere is about 97%
A carbon monoxide
B carbon dioxide
C nitrogen
D hydrogen
how does the surface pressure on Venus compare to that on the Earth?
A it is much less.
B it is about the same.
C it is much greater.
D it is negligible.
the molecule that makes up most of the atmospheres of Venus and Mars, but that is only a minor constituent of Earth's atmosphere, is
A water vapor.
B dust.
C carbon dioxide.
D nitrogen.
the temperature distribution in the atmosphere of Venus
A shows very little variation with altitude
B decreases smoothly with increasing altitude
C increases smoothly with increasing altitude
D has a complicated structure, reaching several high and low peak values at various
altitudes
the necessary condition for a moon or planet to appear as a crescent shape to an observer is that
A the observer be on the opposite side of the sun to the object
B the object be closer to the sun than the observer, and somewhere between s and the observer
C the observer and object be at equal distances from the sun
D the observer be closer to the sun than the object
the greenhouse effect was more severe on Venus than on Earth because
A Venus was too warm for oceans to form
B Venus rotates very slowly
C Venus produced much more carbon dioxide
D all of these
the rotation of Venus is:
A about like that of Earth but in the retrograde direction.
B about like that of Earth and in the same direction.
C longer than its orbital period and in the retrograde direction.
D longer than its orbital period and in the same direction as that of Earth.
most of the atmosphere of Venus is made up of
A oxygen
B water vapor
C sulfuric acid
D carbon dioxide
the temperature of the surface of Venus is closest to _____ f
A 100
B 500
C 1,000
D 10,000
a ground-based visual telescopic view of Venus reveals
A a dark, smooth surface with few mountain ranges
B a completely cloud-shrouded planet, with high atmospheric wind speeds
C a crater-covered surface of reddish color
D evidence of ice-covered polar caps and huge dust storms
the temperature at the surface of Venus
A is higher than the daytime temperature of Mercury, even though Venus is farther from the sun
B is very high, but still lower than Mercury's, since Venus is farther from the sun
C is so high that all Venus' water remains as clouds and thus produces the planet's perpetual cloud cover
D is a result of radioactive decay of elements in its interior
if the Earth, Venus, and moon were all observed from equally large distance which would appear the brightest?
A Earth
B Venus
C moon
D all would appear the same brightness
of the terrestrial planets, _______ has the smallest day to night temperature changes because it has ______
A Mercury, no atmosphere.
B Mars, a thin atmosphere.
C Venus, thick atmosphere.
D Earth, large oceans.
atmospheric pressure at the surface of Venus is:
A almost non-existent.
B about 1/90 that at the surface of the Earth.
C about 90 times that at the surface of the Earth.
D unknown since we have not explored the surface of Venus.
the clouds in the atmosphere of Venus consist primarily of
A droplets of co2
B h20
C droplets of sulfuric acid
D dust particles
which of the following planets has no moon?
A Pluto
B Neptune
C Mars
D Venus
the atmosphere of Venus is:
A almost non-existent.
B similar to that of the Earth but very thin.
C similar to that of the Earth but very dense.
D much more dense than that of the Earth and mostly co2.
the following are much greater on Venus than on the Earth.
A magnetic field, tectonic activity.
B volcanism, surface erosion.
C number of satellites, wind speeds.
D atmospheric pressure, surface temperature.
most of what we know about the gross surface features of Venus comes from:
A Earth based observations only.
B "flyby" photographs of the surface.
C orbiter photographs of the surface.
D orbiter radar images of the surface.
the venera series of spacecraft landed on which planet or moon?
A Mars
B Venus
C Mercury
D the Earth's moon
the noon and midnight temperatures at the surface of Venus are just about the same. the main reason for this constant level is that
A sunlight does not penetrate the clouds well.
B Venus is not very far from the sun.
C carbon dioxide makes for a strong greenhouse effect.
D Venus rotates very slowly on its axis.
we are able to study the surface of Venus by bouncing _____ off the surface
A x-rays
B ultraviolet radiation
C infrared waves
D radio waves
the component of the Venus atmosphere which is thought to be responsible f the greenhouse effect, or excess heating, is
A co2
B h20 vapor
C sulfuric acid droplets
D n2
surface temperatures on Venus:
A vary drastically from day to night because of its slow rotation.
B vary about like those on Earth because the planets are so similar.
C show only seasonal variation.
D are nearly constant, day and night, through out its year.
the object in the solar system that probably has a geologic history most similar to that of the Earth is
A Mercury.
B Venus.
C Mars.
D moon.
Venus rotates
A in the same direction as Earth, but very slowly
B in the same direction as Earth, but very rapidly (in a few hours)
C in the opposite direction to Earth, but very slowly
D in a "lock-in" situation to the sun, maintaining one side towards the sun at all times
(synchronous rotation)
the surface pressure of the atmosphere of Venus compared to that of Earth, is
A about the same as Earth
B extremely small
C about 1/100 atmosphere
D about 90 atmospheres
Venus is like our moon in that
A it has numerous craters
B it shows phases
C its day and nighttime temperatures are extremely different
D it causes tides on the Earth
the surface of Venus is extremely hot because of the ______ which is the result of too much ______ in the atmosphere.
A greenhouse effect, carbon dioxide
B greenhouse effect, dust
C radiation effect, uranium
D stupid civilization effect, laughing gas
the highest mountain detected upon Venus is
A alpha regio
B maxwell montes
C ishtar terra
D olympus mons
compared with the Earth's surface, radar maps show that the surface of Venus has
A a much lower percentage of lowland areas.
B about the same percentage of lowland areas.
C a much larger percentage of lowland areas.
D a much larger percentage of highland areas.
E no highland areas at all.
which of the following "planets" can never bee seen as a crescent, from Earth?
A Venus
B Mars
C moon
D Mercury
the atmospheric surface pressure on Venus, compared to the Earth, is
A 1/100
B 1/10
C one
D 10
E 100
the atmosphere of Venus is primarily composed of
A nitrogen
B water vapor
C methane
D carbon dioxide
the surface conditions on Venus are
A co2 atmosphere, high pressure and high temperature
B co2 atmosphere, low pressure and low temperature
C no atmosphere, very variable temperature from hot to cold
D dense methane, ammonia and h20 atmosphere, low temperature
the surface features and topology of Venus have been determined primarily
A visible and UV photograph from Earth
B balloon-borne spacecraft, launched into the Venus atmosphere by spacecraft
C surface lander vehicles which have explored the surface thoroughly
D radar methods from Earth and from Venus-orbiting spacecraft
the surface features and topology of Venus have been mapped primarily by what physical technique?
A infrared photography from spacecraft
B ultraviolet photograph from Earth
C unmanned exploration by robotic vehicles
D radar exploration from Earth and from orbiting spacecraft
which planet rotates in a retrograde direction
A Mercury
B Venus
C Mars
D Jupiter
which of the planets fits the following description?"a hot, solid surface cloud-shrouded, and with a dense co2 atmosphere"
A Venus
B Jupiter
C Mercury
D Mars
the surface temperature of Venus has been found by radio observations and by remote exploration by USSR spacecraft to be approximately
A 750 k
B 300 k
C 110 k
D 480 k
the one terrestrial planet which rotates in the "wrong" way (opposite to t planet's revolutionary direction) is
A Venus
B Mars
C Earth
D Mercury
the greenhouse effect was more severe on Venus than on Earth because
A Venus was too warm for oceans to form.
B Venus rotates very slowly.
C Venus produced much more carbon dioxide.
D all of these.
the greenhouse effect keeps Venus hot because
A the atmosphere contains oxygen gas.
B the atmosphere is rich in carbon dioxide.
C the surface converts infrared radiation into visible light.
D the surface is free of sulfur compounds.
E the planet rotates so slowly.
Venus
A has a weak magnetic field, about 1/100 of Earth's field strength
B has a very powerful magnetic field
C has no magnetic field
D has a magnetic field about the strength of that of Earth
the major surface features of Venus:
A appear to be large raised areas much like continents on Earth.
B are very flat and undistinguished rolling plains.
C are gigantic mountains that are the largest in the solar system.
D are unknown because of the very heavy cloud cover.
detailed photographs of surface features of Venus:
A do not exist.
B exist as the result of venera photographs of a very few limited areas.
C exist in abundance because of robot landers.
D exist in abundance because astronauts and cosmonauts landed on the surface.
the clouds in Venus' atmosphere
A are made of superheated water vapor (steam)
B are probably made of acid droplets
C persist because the atmosphere is so thin
D clear only occasionally, which is why maps of Venus' surface show so little detail
the surface of Venus is best characterized as
A crater covered highlands
B heavily volcanic
C showing evidence of extensive plate motion
D a and b
clouds on Venus are composed of
A water vapor
B carbon dioxide
C sulfuric acid
D methane
the solid surface of Venus has been mapped
A from the Earth in visible light
B from spacecraft with infrared sensors
C from the Earth and from space using radar
D from the Earth using UV light
Venus' atmospheric chemical composition is mostly
A nitrogen
B carbon dioxide
C oxygen
D water vapor
Earth's atmosphere is so different from Venus' because
A Venus's temperature is hot enough that its early water broke down into carbon dioxide and acids
B most of Earth's carbon dioxide has been incorporated into limestone
C Earth was formed with less carbon dioxide than Venus
D the greenhouse effect in Earth's primitive atmosphere was a "runaway greenhouse effect"
and stopped billions of years ago
the high temperature on Venus is largely accounted for by
A the highly radioactive surface
B the presence of sulfuric acid in the atmosphere
C the greenhouse effect
D its high albedo
our knowledge of the surface of Venus comes from:
A direct telescopic observations.
B spacecraft landers.
C radar studies.
D (a) and (b).
E (b) and (c).
radar maps of Venus are interpreted to show
A impact craters
B volcanic peaks
C gently rolling plains
D all of these
small craters (less than about 2 miles across) are
A very common in the highland areas
B rare because of the dense atmosphere
C rare because they've been filled in by erosion
D common throughout the surface
the main reason for the very high temperature on the surface on the planet Venus is thought to be
A chemical reactions between the constituents of the atmosphere
B absorption of visible radiation by the Venus surface and trapping of reradiated infrared radiation by the atmosphere
C continuous bombardment of the surface by solar wind particles and meteoroid
D intense and continuous volcanic action on the surface
the clouds of Venus are now known to be composed mainly of
A water vapor
B sulfuric acid
C carbon dioxide
D nitrous oxide
different surface regions on Venus are
A of vastly different ages, including some very old and some very young regions
B all very old, showing no surface changes since the heavy bombardment phase
C all very young, with the entire surface being recovered by volcanic activity within the last few hundred million years
D undatable because we do not have rock from the surface to analyze
the major reason that Venus has so much more carbon dioxide in its atmosphere than the Earth is that
A Venus never had oceans in which the co 2 could dissolve.
B Venus' volcanoes produced much more co 2.
C being closer to the sun, Venus captured more co 2.
D none of the above.
the pressure of Venus' atmosphere on the surface is about
A 0.1 that of the Earth's atmospheric pressure
B the same as the Earth's atmospheric pressure
C 10 times the Earth's atmospheric pressure
D 100 times the Earth's atmospheric pressure
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